详解怎样使用Axis开发Web Service的实例

一、Axis安装 1、环境 J2SE SDK 1.3 or 1.4: 我使用 1.4.2 Servlet Container: 我使用的Tomcat 5.0

2、到 http://ws.apache.org/Axis/网站下载Axis安装包

3、解压缩安装包，将Axis_UNZIP_PATH\Axis-version\webapps下的Axis包拷贝到TOMCAT_HOME\webapps\下，以下约定Axis_HOME为该TOMCAT_HOME\webapps\Axis目录

4、启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/Axis 检查安装是否成功

5、以上步骤执行成功，可以开发webservice例子了

Axis支持三种web service的部署和开发，分别为：

1、Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)

2、Stubs方式

3、Dynamic Proxy方式

二、编写DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface )方式web服务

1.编写服务端程序HelloClient

public class HelloClient
{
    public String getName(String name)
    {
        return "hello "+name;
    }
}

2、将源码拷贝到Axis_HOME下，重命名为 HelloClient.jws

3、访问连接http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl，页面显示Axis自动生成的wsdl

4、编写访问服务的客户端 TestHelloClient.java

import org.apache.Axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.Axis.client.Service;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public class SayHelloClient2
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
	{
        try
		{
  String endpoint =
  "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";

    Service service = new Service();
            Call call = null;

            call = (Call) service.createCall();

            call.setOperationName(new QName(
               "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws", 
			   "getName"));
            call.setTargetEndpointAddress
			(new java.net.URL(endpoint));

            String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] 
			{"zhangsan"});
            System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
        } 
		catch (Exception ex)
		{
       ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

三、编写Dynamic Proxy方式访问服务

1、编写部署服务端程序，同上边DII方式，本次仍使用上边部署的HelloClient

2、编写代理接口

public interface HelloClientInterface
extends java.rmi.Remote
{
    public String getName(String name)
	throws java.rmi.RemoteException;
}

3、编写并执行客户端程序TestHelloClient.java

import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

public class TestHelloClient 
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
	{
        try
        {
            String wsdlUrl = 
			"http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl";
            String nameSpaceUri = 
			"http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";
            String serviceName = "HelloClientService";
            String portName = "HelloClient";

            ServiceFactory serviceFactory = 
			ServiceFactory.newInstance();
            Service afService =
			serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl),
         new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));
            HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface)
        afService.getPort(new QName(
                    nameSpaceUri, portName), 
					HelloClientInterface.class);
            System.out.println
			("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ;
        }catch(Exception ex)
        {
            ex.printStackTrace() ;
        }
    }
}

四、编写wsdd发布web服务，编写stub client访问web服务

1、编写服务端程序server,SayHello.java，编译server.SayHello.java

package server;
public class SayHello
{
    public String getName(String name)
    {
        return "hello "+name;
    }
}
2.编写LogHandler.java
import org.apache.Axis.AxisFault;
import org.apache.Axis.Handler;
import org.apache.Axis.MessageContext;
import org.apache.Axis.handlers.BasicHandler;

import java.util.Date;

public class LogHandler 
extends BasicHandler 
{
 public void invoke
(MessageContext msgContext) 
throws AxisFault
    {
        /** Log an access each time 
		we get invoked.
         */
        try {
            Handler serviceHandler
			= msgContext.getService();

            Integer numAccesses =
  (Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses");
            if (numAccesses == null)
                numAccesses = new Integer(0);
numAccesses = new Integer
(numAccesses.intValue() + 1);
Date date = new Date();
 String result = 
 date + ": service " +
msgContext.getTargetService() +
" accessed " + numAccesses + " time(s).";
serviceHandler.setOption
("accesses", numAccesses);
System.out.println(result);
        } catch (Exception e)
		{
            throw AxisFault.makeFault(e);
        }
    }
}

3、编写wsdd文件

deploy.wsdd
<deployment xmlns=
"http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/"
  xmlns:java=
			"http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/providers/java">           
   <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/> 
 <service name="sayhello"
 provider="java:RPC">
   <requestFlow>
     <handler type="print"/>
   </requestFlow>
  <parameter name="className" 
  value="server.SayHello"/>
  <parameter name="allowedMethods"
  value="*"/>  
 </service>
</deployment>

3、将编译后的文件拷贝到Axis_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下，如：D:\tomcat\webapps\Axis\WEB-INF\classes

4、发布服务：

java org.apache.Axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd

5、生成client stub文件

a:方式1

将SayHello.java拷贝到Axis_HOME/下，重命名为SayHello.jws，

执行下面的命令生存client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java 
-p client  http://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl

b:方式2

执行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL
-oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello -nsayhello server.SayHello

执行如下命令生成client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java 
SayHello.wsdl  -p client

生成的stub client文件列表为：

1.SayHello.java

2.SayHelloService.java。

3.SayHelloServiceLocator.java

4.SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java

6、编写客户端程序，编译并执行

public class SayHelloClient
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
	{
        try
		{
    SayHelloService service = new client.
       SayHelloServiceLocator();
          client.SayHello_PortType 
		  client = service.getSayHello();
            String retValue=client.getName("zhangsan");
            System.out.println(retValue);
} 
catch (Exception e)
{
 System.err.println
 ("Execution failed. Exception: " + e);
        }
    }
}

(T117)